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Gathering, Storing, and
Using your Herbs
When gathering or
harvesting your herbs, first be absolutely sure you know what you
are gathering! This is very important when gathering plants from the
wild. Be absolutely certain you know what the plant is before you
attempt to use it. If you are not sure of a particular plant, or it
"looks like" something but could be something else, leave it alone.
You would be better off to purchase the herb through a store or mail
order. The alternative may leave you dead. If you care about our
natural plants, you will prefer to purchase or grow what you need.
Today's herbal needs are creating quite a strain on the numbers of
medicinal plants in the wild.
Know what part of the
plant you need. Some plants are used in their entirety, others only
specific parts. When you are gathering plants from the wild,
remember not to take all of a particular species you may find in an
area. Leave some to grow and seed and flourish for the next time you
need them. Removing all of a group of plants is rude, and the
Goddess would not be pleased. Give thanks to the plants you take for
your uses. Sprinkle around some of their seeds, to help them
propogate. Give them an offering, i.e. some natural fertilizer, a
prayer, etc. in return for your uses. When taking leaves or branches
of a plant, leave plenty for the plant to survive.
The parts of the plant
above ground should be harvested in the morning, before the heat of
the sun has a chance to wilt them. It is preferable to do so when
the dew is still on the plants. Leaves should be harvested before
the buds and blooms appear, and flowers should be harvested before
the fruits and seeds appear. Bark and roots should be harvested in
the early spring, just as the plant is beginning to show its leaf
buds, or in the fall, just as the leaves are turning. Don't strip
bark from around a tree trunk, as this will kill it. Instead, strip
bark from small patches, or particular limbs, to preserve the mother
plant for later use, and to preserve its life.
When using an entire
plant, it is customary to hang the plant upside down in a dry area
free from pests to allow the plant to dry. Make sure your herbs have
dried thoroughly before storing them for further use, or you may
discover that you have a moldy mess instead of a medicinal herb.
Roots should be carefully washed, scraped, and chopped into small
pieces to be sure they dry uniformly and thoroughly. Bulbs are tied
together and strung up to dry.
The dried portions can
then be stored according to your needs. Roots are usually ground
into powder for use, or left in small chunks for uses in decoctions,
tinctures, and syrups. Leaves are stored in their entirety, or
crumbled for use in teas. The same applies for blossoms. Store your
herbs in air-tight containers. The best containers to use are
colored glass. The herb then does not pick up impurities from
plastics, and does not eat through your plastics, as can happen.
Store in a dry, cool area, and keep out of the light. This is the
reason for using colored glass. Light can often break down the
healing properties of your gathered herbs, shortening their shelf
life and rendering them nearly useless after a short period of time.
If stored properly, the shelf life of dried herbs is approximately
one year. Tinctures can be stored for up to two years. Capsules
should be used within one year. Once an herb has been ground, it
shortens the amount of time the herb is effective. So do pay careful
attention to when you have purchased or stored an herb, for maximum
effectiveness.
Teas
The herbs that will be
used for herbal teas are generally the cut and sifted form, or the
crumbled dried leaves and/or flowers. Herbs should always be
prepared in nonmetallic containers. Steep the herbs in a nonmetallic
container with water that has just been brought to a boil. This is
an infusion, and is used for the more delicate herbs to
prevent destroying their healing agents.
A decoction is
used to extract the healing agents from herbs that are roots and
barks. The herbs are simmered in a nonmetallic cooking container for
about one hour. Simmer uncovered until the amount of water is
reduced by one half. Those herbs that contain important volatile
oils should be simmered in a tightly covered pot.
Don't add table sugar to
herbal teas. If a sweetener is needed, use pure, unmolested honey
for its nutritional benefits, or use stevia.
Oils
Oil extracts are made
from fresh herbs that contain volatile oils used for healing. Fresh
herbs are necessary for the extraction of the oils. The fresh herbs
are crushed with a mortar and pestle. Olive or sesame oil is then
added, at the ratio of one pint of oil for every two ounces of
herbs. The mixture is allowed to stand in a warm place, out of
direct light, for three days. The oils are stored in dark, glass
containers. After the three days, add one capsule of Vitamin E to
each bottle for preserving the extracted oils. This is another
process that is best done on the new moon.
Syrups
Syrups are used for
treating coughs and sore throats, and make it easy to give herbs to
children. Two ounces of herb are added to a quart of water in a
nonmetallic container, and boiled down slowly and gently until about
a pint of liquid is left. Strain while it is still warm, and add two
ounces of honey and/or glycerine. Lemon oil or juice can also be
added for flavor. Store in a dark glass container.
Capsules
Capsules are the best way
to take herbs that do not taste good. They are also the best way to
take herbs that need to be ingested over a long period of time, or
for those of us who don't have time at work to make herbal teas. It
is best to purchase finely powdered herbs for this purpose. The
small "0" sized capsules are used, or the larger "00". The powdered
herbs are blended together, if an herbal combination is desired.
Then separate the two halves of the capsule, and fill each half.
Then carefully put the two halves back together. Take according to
the needs of the treatment.
Tinctures
Tinctures are easy to
make, and a very convenient way to make use of the healing herbs in
today's fast society. They are made with the more potent herbs that
are generally not taken as herbal teas.
Tinctures are made by
combining 1 to 4 ounces of a powdered or thoroughly crushed herb
with one pint of alcohol. The alcohol most often used is vodka. The
amount of liquid should be more than the herbs can absorb, so you
may need to add more as the days go by. It is shaken daily and
allowed to stand in a warm place, out of direct light, for two
weeks. The liquid is poured through a cloth, such as layers of
cheesecloth. The herbs that remain are squeezed thoroughly to remove
as much of the liquid from them as possible. Keep the tincture
stored in a dark glass bottle or jar. Tinctures are used by the
drop. Don't be afraid of the alcohol content - if you want to be
sure the alcohol won't affect you, or you are a recovering
alcoholic, drop the recommended number of tincture drops into a cup
of hot water, wait a few moments, and then drink. The alcohol will
evaporate. Tinctures can be made of single herbs, or herbal
combinations, depending upon your needs. It is traditional magick to
begin your tinctures on the night of the new moon, and strain on the
full moon, so that the waxing powers of the moon extract the maximum
amount of healing agents from the herbs.
Creams
Creams are used to treat
skin conditions of all kinds. They can be made by melting petroleum
jelly and adding the herbs, although that is rather messy. A better
method is to boil approximately 1 cup of the herb(s) to be used in 3
to 4 cups of water, in a non-metallic container, for about 15
minutes for leafy herbs and 30 minutes for root herbs to extract the
volatile oils. You can then strain the herbs out, or leave them in
if you so desire, depending on the cream you are making. Add 5
ounces of sesame or olive oil to the water remaining and continue to
simmer over low heat until all of the water has evaporated. Melt 2
ounces of beeswax, and stir into the oil mixture. TIP: try to have
the wax and the oil near the same temp, and stir like crazy! After
the mixture cools a bit, add 2 teaspoons of Vitamin E oil as a
preservative, and mix it in well. Pour into containers and allow to
cool completely. Most creams will keep for up to one
year. |